Monday, December 23, 2019

Human Trafficking And The United States Essay - 1585 Words

Looking the other way while close to 50% of the human trafficking in the United States end up in prostitution, what is going on in these states. The over sexed country does not help to stop it when we constantly promote sex in almost every aspect of life. People are losing their life to find a way to get to the United States through different forms of smuggling. Are these the people that we should be letting get in this country? Right under our nose the women, girls are being coerced into prostitution, and sex slaves, furthermore what do we do as parents, fathers, husbands and brothers to stop our women and girl from being forced into trafficking and being smuggled, however is immigration laws and legislation enough to help or are we the source of own problems? Human smuggling is one of the fastest growing global crimes but it is hard to decipher between human smuggling and trafficking in person which is also a fast growing intercontinental crime. Human smuggling is â€Å"the facilitation, transportation, attempted transportation or illegal entry of a person(s) across an international border, in violation of one or more country’s laws, either clandestinely or through deception, such as the use of fraudulent documents.† During the process of smuggling some of the people are going voluntarily, to meet with their family, or to relocate to a better environment. Once the people reach they destination, they’re no longer in contact with the smuggler that brought them there forShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking And The United States1066 Words   |  5 PagesHuman trafficking has always been a though subject. Most Americans prefer to believe that this is a problem of the past, that it simply does not occur anymore. Others acc ept the fact that human trafficking exist, but in a far away reality, an incident homed only in poor, third world countries. This couldn’t be farther away from the truth. Human trafficking is a real and current problem in the United States, California being a hotspot for this issue, and with the Super Bowl in 2016 the problem willRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States1417 Words   |  6 PagesEach year about 17,500 individuals are brought into the United States and become victims of human trafficking. Every country has this problem and it has become the 3rd largest illegal industry worldwide. Human Trafficking is the trade of humans mainly for sexual slavery, but also forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker and sometimes others who take part in this act. Human trafficking is also used for organs or tissues, including surrogacy, ova removal, or making theseRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States962 Words   |  4 Pagestakes for cases to be prosecuted and to gain protections is very extensive. Intensifying the existing laws to better defend human trafficking victims is critical.The United States Government, in 2000, certified the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act. This act helps prosecute traffickers and support victims. Since then the number of recognized victims of trafficking has risen as well as trials and social service providers working with survivors. Because of this it gives researchers anRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The United States1740 Words   |  7 PagesHUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE UNITED STATES: WHY SOME ST ATES HAVE MORE HUMAN TRAFFICKING CALLS THAN OTHERS INTRODUCTION Human trafficking is a growing endemic affecting an estimated 35.8 million men, women, and children around the world annually, as reported by the Global Slavery Index (GSI). The United States is not immune to this problem and has successfully identified 21,434 cases of human trafficking through the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline since 2007. As with crimes of thisRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The United States1250 Words   |  5 Pagessomeone talks about child trafficking? Do you think of children from third world countries being kidnapped or sold into the black market of human trafficking? Most of us probably think of human trafficking as being an issue that poor countries just have but, that isn’t the case. Human trafficking is alive and sadly thriving in the United States. According to Trafficking Source Center, 5,544 cases of human trafficking were reported in the United States in 2015. With human trafficking being around for soRead MoreHuman Trafficki ng And The United States Essay751 Words   |  4 PagesFACT SHEET Human trafficking in the United States Human trafficking, also known as trafficking in persons or modern day slavery, is an affront to the most basic of human freedoms. Human trafficking is a crime that strikes at the very heart of the American promise: freedom. In response to this abhorrent crime, government agencies and nongovernmental organizations have formed strong and growing partnerships aimed at ending this violation of fundamental civil rights and human dignity. 1. WhatRead MoreHuman Trafficking in the United States1603 Words   |  6 Pagesother countries to people in the United States. Imports and exports to and from the U.S include products as wide ranged as food, clothes, and even people. Human trafficking is a worldwide problem, including the United States. Currently, there are approximately 20.9 million people enslaved throughout the world with 2.5 million located in the United States. About 14,500 - 17,500 of foreign nationals are trafficked into the United States every year (Human trafficking statistics). These statistics showRead MoreHuman Trafficking in the United States2403 Words   |  10 PagesHuman Trafficking The United States has always been known for sticking their nose in places where it does not belong. America has been part of wars that could have been avoided, scandals that had nothing to do with the United States. Millions of lives over the years could have been spared if America would have just simply stayed where they belong. What if though, America feels like they have to get involved in forging affairs if they think it can cause or is causing a problem on American soil orRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The United States2136 Words   |  9 PagesHuman trafficking is a prominent problem within the United States that is often overlooked. The definition of human trafficking is, â€Å"Human trafficking - the illegal practice of procuring or trading in human beings for the purpose of prostitution, forced labor, or other forms of exploitation† (â€Å"Human trafficking†). People in the United States believe that human trafficking is a problem that occurs in other less dev eloped countries compared to the United States. What these individuals do not realizeRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States1230 Words   |  5 Pagesaround 15,000 are trafficked in the United States. Half of those are children. Not all cases are reported, and there are few victims rescued in comparison to the millions that are still helpless each and every year. Human trafficking is an epidemic all across the world and many countries are doing all they can to stop it. But what about the United States; what are we doing to stop it and is what we’re doing enough? What is human trafficking? It is defined by the United Nations as â€Å"the recruitment, transportation

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Mission Statement For Apple Inc. Free Essays

The company I choose to follow for the next 5. 5 weeks is Apple Inc.. We will write a custom essay sample on Mission Statement For Apple Inc. or any similar topic only for you Order Now They were founded on April 1, 1976 butt was incorporated on January 3, 1977. The founders were Steve Jobs and Steven Wozniak (Sanford, 2013). Apple Inc. mission statement is â€Å"Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers in the world, along with OS X, iLife, iWork and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its iPods and iTunes online store. Apple has reinvented the mobile phone with its revolutionary iPhone and App Store, and is defining the future of mobile media and computing devices with iPad† (Apple Inc. 2013). When you look at a mission statement especially in this case, Apple Inc. mission statement acts as a guide to the company’s internal efficiencies because it shows all that they have accomplished as for products and services that they give to their clients and customers. Apple Inc. is rated number 6 on the fortune 500 list and they are number 6 because their missions statement makes their internal efficiencies for developing the cutting edge products and innovations. They to are always upgrading their models with either new versions or allowing downloads of the latest software so their products don’t go out of date. The only on that can define the future direction of Apple Inc. , is that of the internal efficiencies of the company for the change in its internal efforts. When you look at their mission statement their efforts are based on the products that they offer. If they have a new innovation from their efficiency and efforts internally than it can also build and re-word their mission statement. Their internal efforts are what makes their mission statement and why they are the leaders in technology. No efforts have gone with out recognition. When you think of Apple Inc. , you think of 100% their mission statement. I personally am an apple user on all levels. I use to never understand a Mac, Mp3 player or now an Ipod let alone an Ipad. However, the two founders had a dream and goals. Those dreams and goals were effectively brought out by the internal efforts and efficiencies of what they founded. They are the leaders in technology and have competitors following in their footsteps. I am interested in the future mission statement of Apple Inc. and how their efforts and efficiencies internal can make that statement grow and grow. I wonder when Siri will make her debut on the mission statement. Siri is a good example of Apple Inc. , efforts internally for being the leader, best, reinventing and creating the future in technology. All this is from the credit of their internal company. Apple Inc. (2013). Frequently asked questions. Retrieved from http://investor.apple.com/faq.cfm?FaqSetID=6 Sanford, G. (2013). Apple-history. Retrieved from http://apple-history.com/h1 How to cite Mission Statement For Apple Inc., Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Character Evolution of Bruce Wayne and Batman free essay sample

But as Bruce Wayne, the character not only shows inventiveness and curiosity, but as shows a more cautious approach to things, and people, that are considered close. The interaction between the personas shows through on several occasions in the movie series, but specifically in The Dark Knight Rises (Nolan, 2012), when he encourages the character of Blake to dawn a mask in order to provide protection for the ones he cares about. The choice to utilize a mask in order to protect the loved ones of Bruce Wayne was clearly evident and further shows the consistent and cautious side of that persona of the character. An interesting point on this is that both personas seem to embody both sides of the extreme on this trait consistently while at the same time crossing over from one identity to the other and back again seamlessly. The idea of being conscientious is something that is also evident in both personas, but each is on the polar opposite of the extremes. We will write a custom essay sample on Character Evolution of Bruce Wayne and Batman or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The identity of Bruce Wayne is very easy-going and carefree choosing to the live the life as a billionaire playboy, seeming to have little or no real care in the world. On the contrast side, the identity of Batman is a very efficient and well organized character. Every move that is made is carefully calculated and thought thru before taking action. Where the complexity comes in with this aspect of the personality is that while each side of the identity seems to be polar opposite, they also share many of the same traits as well. The character of Batman is portrayed on several occasions as being careless and reckless as seen in some of the action sequences throughout the entire series, whereas the alter-ego of Bruce Wayne is shown as being very organized and efficient in his abilities to provide smoke screens for Batman. This is again seen in The Dark Knight Rises (Nolan, 2012) when it is discovered that Bruce Wayne has fixed the auto-pilot for the Bat, and no one was made aware of this, but it was utilized by Batman in the closing sequences of the movie. There is no doubt by anyone who has seen any of the Batman movies, Bruce Wayne is a very extraverted person who embodies the ideals of being energetic and outgoing. This is shown through the many times there are social events that the Wayne Foundation, the charitable organization founded by his fathers company, holds and he is a very over the top presence at these events. Bruce Wayne also takes a very active interest in the political climate of his city, Gotham, and is very influential in his abilities to grant someone access to office. This is very apparent in The Dark Knight (Nolan, 2008) where he offers to provide a financial endorsement for Harvey Dent through his influential friends. While Bruce Wayne is a very extroverted person, he also has a very solitary and reserved aspect to his life. He is a very private person who evidently has issues about the loss of his parents at a young age. This is shown time and time again by the images of being alone in his mansion with only the butler Alfred, who he refers to as his only real friend. The opposing identity is Batman, who is a very energetic person but is very leads a solitary existence. The only person who Batman allows to know his true identity of Bruce Wayne is Alfred, the butler. The clusters of agreeableness and neuroticism are the only two in which the characters of Bruce Wayne and Batman tend to share a similarity that stays toward one end of the spectrum. Both Batman and Bruce Wayne show limited amounts of compassion, while still maintaining a very cold personality. Both show compassion toward only certain members of the city of Gotham, but neither ever appears to be a friendly person. This helps to illustrate that both personas are very neurotic. Both exhibit extreme levels of confidence and security in their actions. Neither shows signs of nervousness, and only Bruce Wayne shows signs of sensitivity, but on extremely rare occasions. Each of these is again evident throughout the entire story of Batman by not only acting as a crime fighter, but the decisions made by Bruce Wayne to adopt the alter-ego of Batman. The character of Bruce Wayne is a very interesting one to look at from a personality stand point. He shows varying signs of each of the five main clusters while also showing opposing points when assuming the identity of Batman. Two distinctly separate personalities combined into one very complex and interesting character. This one character shows that one person can, and sometimes does, exhibit traits from each end of the spectrum based on the personality they choose to assume. References Nolan, Christopher. (Christopher Nolan). (2008). The dark knight. Los Angeles: Warner Bros. Pictures Nolan, Christopher. (Christopher Nolan). (2012). The dark knight rises. Los Angeles: Warner Bros. Pictures

Friday, November 29, 2019

Understand Current National and Organisational Policies and Practices for Literacy Development free essay sample

They must be given the opportunity within all different subject areas to use and extend their language so that their thinking skills progress to a higher level. The literacy curriculum is for pupils to explore and expand on how language works and to gain knowledge of various genres and situations. The Primary Framework for Literacy is to support and increase all children’s access to excellent teaching, leading to exciting and successful learning. I am currently working in KS2 (year 4). My teacher will set the lesson for each day in accordance with the National Curriculum. The lesson is broken down and put on to a daily lesson plan. Prior to the lesson she will go over the plan in more detail with me and give me ample time to prepare any resources required. For the lesson, the class are divided on to tables so that children of the same ability are placed together. We will write a custom essay sample on Understand Current National and Organisational Policies and Practices for Literacy Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I am usually put with the lower able children as they are in need of the extra support. In a typical lesson in class, the teacher will teach the whole class activity. This gives the children the opportunity to put forward and share their ideas. The teacher then gives the work to the groups which will depend on their ability. In my setting, literacy lessons are conducted every other day whilst a reading and writing based lesson, called Read, Write Ink, is provided every day in small groups (usually about 12) where the children are of similar ability. Teaching assistants are responsible for their own group and follow the plans issued by the author of the lessons. The literacy format in class varies from week to week whereas Read, Write, Ink follows the same format for five days at a time but refers to a different story book each week. Read, Write, Ink was brought into the school to assist the children in their phonic knowledge as this was found to be lacking throughout the school. It is the responsibility of the teachers that children are placed in certain ability groups and they also track their progress. Children have talk partners to sound out their ideas before moving onto independent work in both literacy and Read, Write, Ink. At the end of both sessions, children are brought back to whole class discussions to talk about what they worked on or wrote. Early Years or Foundation children must develop their oral skills so that they can go on to access the National Curriculum. Dressing up and drama play a huge role for them to expand their language, listening skills and imagination. As they get older and move into KS2, their oral skills progress to speaking and/or presenting to the rest of the class. My school also involve support assistants in taking intervention classes. We daily take a group of 6 children out of the class to work on comprehension, reading and punctuation. This is to improve their grades and levels. Each week spelling tests are set for the older pupils of the school. Children with English as their second language are also given specialist support as a language specialist will come into the school and given extra speaking, reading and writing interventions. Whilst in class during a literacy lesson, children with very little English language will complete early learning games. This could be made up of cards matching pictures to their English word cards, for example, a picture of a horse will match to the word ‘horse’. As their English progresses, they would become more involved in the lessons that the whole class is doing, but we would be considerate by using more basic language so that it gives the child confidence in what they are doing. Correcting their grammar is essential; otherwise they fall into lazy habits. However, this must be done in a sensitive and caring manner. An example of this is a year 4 Portuguese boy in my class. He has been with us for 2 years. He recently asked me ‘can I drink water please’. I told him the correct way to ask was ‘can I have a drink of water please’. He now asks correctly each time. 1. 2, Summarise the relevant policy and age related expectations of learners relevant to literacy development in the setting. If you are supporting pupils literacy development you will need to be aware of your schools English or literacy policy. This will outline your schools approach to the teaching of reading, writing, speaking and listening and should follow local or national guidelines. In England and Wales, the National Primary Literacy Framework outlines the structure for the teaching of literacy. It shows 12 strands of learning which a child must be taught throughout his or her entire primary education, including Foundation. In Foundation, teachers are expected to follow the two subject areas, which are Prime areas of learning and Specific areas of learning. Prime areas of learning * Listening and attention * Understanding * Speaking This supports Communication and Language as being imperative in the child’s earliest years. This will be developed through relationships with others using a variety of activities and will be supported by adults whilst doing so. This in turn will contribute into helping them to exercise their thinking skills. Specific areas of learning * Reading * Writing Their learning will develop into understanding that the sounds that they hear in a word are linked to letters, which then progresses them to decode and read regular words which would then lead to them being able to write words and simple sentences. Once the above are reached by a child at the end of Foundation stage, it means they have met their Early Learning Goals. As children leave Foundation stage and move into Key Stage 1, their learning objectives must be brought into line with the 12 learning strands of the National Primary Literacy Framework. Speak and listen for a wide range of purposes in different contexts * Speaking * Listening and Responding * Group discussion and Interaction * Drama Read and write for a range of different purposes on paper and on screen * Word recognition: decoding (reading) and encoding (spelling) * Word structure and spelling * Understanding and interpreting text * Engaging and responding to texts Creating and shaping texts * Text structure and organisation * Sentence structure and punctuation * Presentation The DfE have made the site available on line of the early years foundation stages national strategies and requirements. These outline the strand that is applicable to each year group. 1. 3, Summarise the teachers programme and plans for literacy development For effective support for children in literacy, and a ny other subject, there should be a prior conversation between you and the class teacher or knowledge of the planned activities of the lesson. In a majority of schools, my setting included, the support staff are given plans at the beginning of the week as well as being on display in the classroom. Within some settings the support staff are included in the planning of the lessons where their input and ideas can be given, especially for activities and approaches for children that they work closely with. Support staff should make notes on the daily plans. This is of the children they worked with that day which monitors each child’s progress and understanding and if they met the learning objective. Praise and feedback along with clarifying problems or misunderstandings are imperative to children, encouraging them to be confident learners. Once the lesson is complete, communication with the teacher should take place to ensure they are aware of how the children managed the task. Within my school there is a literacy policy set for the staff to follow, we believe that communication both oral and written is the key to educational progress, to social integration and to personal development and happiness. Literacy is about promoting fluent readers, confident writers and effective speaking and listeners. Children must listen to others and take account of the speaker, respond thoughtfully and demonstrate the skills necessary for effective speaking and listening. We aim to develop the necessary skills to read confidently, fluently and with enjoyment and understanding. We aim to use a wide range of resources, i. e. websites, non-fiction books and encyclopaedias to expand their knowledge and understanding along with exposing them to many different forms of genre. This sets out exactly what is to be taught and how it is taught. Medium term planning takes place every term and sets out the planned lessons and activities for the coming term. Each plan must give every pupil the opportunity to develop good speaking and listening, reading and writing skills. Activities are often linked to the theme/topic for the term and teachers capitalize on opportunities to teach specific text types when the theme is appropriate e. g. Explanation texts during a science based theme.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Amish and Australian Culture similarities and differences Essays

Amish and Australian Culture similarities and differences Essays Amish and Australian Culture similarities and differences Paper Amish and Australian Culture similarities and differences Paper Essay Topic: The Breadwinner There are many obvious differences seen from an outside perspective of Amiss and Australian society, but when looked at in more detail similarities in structure, roles and decision making appear. The Amiss society comes from a line of strict tradition and tight knit farming communities, whose values have changed little over time whereas as Australia is a post-industrial society which is constantly advancing in technology, culture and (something about the rights of women). The Amiss society is one that is much closed off and segregated from the wider world, their almost non-existent reliance on the society around them has limited their exposure to outside influences. The whole base of their identity is generated by an unwavering faith in God, as a result of this religion touches all aspects of their daily lives. The Orotund, a set of guidelines for religious Amiss living, dictates not only what they can wear but the way in which they perform tasks such as what tools can be used to plough your farm and what foods you can put in your meals. Although religion is an influential part of Australian society it takes nothing to the extent of the Amiss people with the Orotund. Australia is a widely multicultural society which cultures and values are derived from those of the people who migrated there, the variety in restaurants, religion and clothing style a direct reflection of the many influences brought to Australia. The essence of Amiss society is simple and mono-influential, a path to god, whereas the essence to Australian society is influenced by the many us vestures within. Due to the only influence of religion, the Amiss hinge all decision makings on the practices of the Rounding. It is perceived that the decision made by God, is the righteous and moral path and every decision is cogitated with the help of the lord. Consulting something or someone before decision making is seen in both societies as an Amiss person might consult their parents, the bishop or minister to find the virtuous decision, an Australian person would also consult a trusted person whose experience they value such as a parent or grandparent. The difference seen in decision making stems from how the societies allocate the responsibility of decision making. Amiss society have a strict hierarchy system that denotes the power from God to bishop then ministers, deacons, men, women then children. This dictation of power changes the life of a family as the father is solely responsible for the decision making within the household and male ministers and bishops make the decisions they think will benefit the community and please God. This is not reflected in Australian society as it values the importance Of the right to make decisions that affect oneself and the freedom of choice. Although many thing may influence a person in Australian societys session, money, partners and family, there is no authority that can make a decision for you, a husband doesnt make decisions for a wife and the church doesnt make a decision for you. This is seen as a critical necessity in Australian society, as liberation and rights are a value cherished by all but is not viewed as fundamental value in Amiss society. Authority in Amiss society also comes under the umbrella of religion, the Orotund dictates who has the power and authority and in what areas it can be exercised. Only men are allocated positions of power and there are no requirements for training Geiger education or theological training. This idea is not returned at all in Australian society, since the 1945 womens right movement women in Australia have been gaining power not only in the home but in the workplace and the business world and the liberation of women is seen as one of the proudest moments in Australian history for women. Ministers and Bishops in Amiss society are nominated by members of the church and chosen in a process that incorporates divine intervention and do not require any training for these positions, this may be a result of the low level of conventional cooling as well as the prohibition on high school and college education. This however is thoroughly encouraged in Australian society as higher level Of qualifications lead to generally higher regarded jobs and people are elected in positions of power based on their qualifications and appeal to the people. Amiss society is based on humbleness and simplicity and believe power will lead to pride and the abuse of power and Australian is a more liberal society denoting power based on qualification and democracy. Power and Authority is closely linked to the roles in an Amiss society. Within the household a man s the breadwinner, in charge of decisions and daily running of the family within the rules of the Orotund. He and his sons run the business or the farm while the women cook, clean and watch over small children during the day. This is not unusual to the Australian household, up until the revolution of womens rights the Amiss family structure mirrored that of an Australian family. Traditionally the Australian husband went out and provided for the family while the wife stayed home and catered to his needs. In modern Australia this is no longer custom, Australia has grown to a very anthropometry society with the rise of different home situations not seen in the Amiss community such as single parents and same sex couples. The roles have changed with many more women in the workplace and the slow acceptance of stay at home dads, it has become a choice made by each family and many variations are seen. When observed thoroughly in micro, mess and macro levels Amiss and Australian societies have fundamental similarities including historical gender role allocation and the influences for decision making.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Capital invistment apprisals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Capital invistment apprisals - Essay Example There are 5 techniques that have been employed in this particular scenario: simple payback method; accounting rate of return (ARR); net present value (NPV); and internal rate of return (IRR) (Mott, 1997). Capital Investment Appraisal Capital investment appraisal is the evaluation of the attractiveness and viability of an investment proposal, using techniques like payback period; net present value (NPV); average rate of return (ARR); or internal rate of return (IRR) (Go?tze, Northcott & Schuster, 2008). Investment appraisal is an essential part of capital budgeting and is relevant in cases where the returns cannot be easily quantified (e.g. training, marketing, and personnel). All businesses need fixed assets (capital equipment) like vehicles, premises, and machinery. The acquisition of those assets is called capital investment. Just like other business activities, capital investment comes with an element of risk and uncertainty, because costs are incurred today so as to generate some benefits in the future (Harrison, 2003). Capital investment appraisal techniques are aimed at enhancing and supporting decision making on such investment undertakings. The Appraisal Techniques i) Payback Period Method This technique is based on the time needed for the forecasted net cash flows to equal the amount of capital that has been invested in a potential investment initiative (Mott, 1997). The investment project that repays whatever capital invested in the least possible time is considered to be the most attractive (Gardner, 1998). This technique requires the following estimates: (a) amount of capital needed, and (b) the timing and amount of the net cash flows an investment generates. Advantages a) Simple to compute and easy to understand b) Suitable for risky projects where it is difficult to predict future cash flows beyond the first couple of years (for instance, IT). c) Suitable if short term cash flows are more critical to the survival of an investment than long-term ca sh flows. d) Suitable when there is a concern regarding gearing or borrowing. Disadvantages a) Does not factor in the time value of money (cash now is often more valuable than cash received later). b) Disregards cash flows when the payback period elapses. ii) Accounting Rate of Return While the payback period method concentrates on cash flows, the ARR concentrates on profit. It measures the forecasted average profit before tax and interest as a percentage of the average capital invested in a business venture. Advantages a) Simple to compute and easy to understand b) Caters for the entire life of an investment c) Compatible with ROCE and the performance ratio Disadvantages a) Does not account for the time value of money b) Does not offer guidance on what is a good rate of return c) Averages can be confusing and misleading d) Disregards the timing of profits e) No uniform definition of terms iii) Net Present Value This is the present value of all the present and future cash flows of a n investment, discounted at those cash flows’ opportunity cost. Advantages a) Accounts for effects of inflation b) Adjust future cash flows to a PV (present value) Disadvantages a) Inflation is usually unpredictable b) The longer you go into the future the less reliable the discount